Shallow water rogue wavetrains in nonlinear optical fibers

TL;DR

This paper explores the formation of shallow water rogue waves in nonlinear optical fibers, highlighting how stable modulation and collisions of specific pulse types can generate extreme localized wave events.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of shallow water rogue waves in optical fibers and explains their generation through stable modulation and pulse collisions in the normal dispersion regime.

Findings

Flaticons can merge into high-intensity rogue pulses

Stable self-similar evolution of flat-top pulses is observed

Rogue waves can form in normal dispersion regimes

Abstract

In addition to deep-water rogue waves which develop from the modulation instability of an optical CW, wave propagation in optical fibers may also produce shallow water rogue waves. These extreme wave events are generated in the modulationally stable normal dispersion regime. A suitable phase or frequency modulation of a CW laser leads to chirp-free and flat-top pulses or flaticons which exhibit a stable self-similar evolution. Upon collision, flaticons at different carrier frequencies, which may also occur in wavelength division multiplexed transmission systems, merge into a single, high-intensity, temporally and spatially localized rogue pulse.