Arc Plasma Torch Modeling

TL;DR

This paper reviews the complex physical phenomena and mathematical models involved in simulating DC arc plasma torches, which are essential for various industrial thermal processes.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of modeling approaches, including thermodynamic, chemical, turbulent, and radiative aspects, specifically for conventional plasma spraying torches.

Findings

Summarizes key modeling techniques for arc plasma torches.

Highlights the importance of boundary conditions and arc reattachment models.

Focuses on conventional hot-cathode, nozzle-anode plasma torches.

Abstract

Arc plasma torches are the primary components of various industrial thermal plasma processes involving plasma spraying, metal cutting and welding, thermal plasma CVD, metal melting and remelting, waste treatment and gas production. They are relatively simple devices whose operation implies intricate thermal, chemical, electrical, and fluid dynamics phenomena. Modeling may be used as a means to better understand the physical processes involved in their operation. This paper presents an overview of the main aspects involved in the modeling of DC arc plasma torches: the mathematical models including thermodynamic and chemical non-equilibrium models, turbulent and radiative transport, thermodynamic and transport property calculation, boundary conditions and arc reattachment models. It focuses on the conventional plasma torches used for plasma spraying that include a hot-cathode and a nozzle anode.