Non-Abelian dual superconductivity in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory: dual Meissner effect and type of the vacuum

TL;DR

This paper provides numerical evidence for non-Abelian dual superconductivity as the mechanism for quark confinement in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory, demonstrating the dual Meissner effect and identifying the vacuum as a type I superconductor.

Contribution

It introduces a new lattice formulation of SU(3) YM theory and shows non-Abelian dual superconductivity with magnetic monopole dominance, distinct from SU(2) results.

Findings

Non-Abelian dual Meissner effect observed in SU(3) YM theory

Dual superconductivity is strictly type I

Restricted field and magnetic monopoles reproduce the effect

Abstract

We have proposed the non-Abelian dual superconductivity picture for quark confinement in the SU(3) Yang-Mills (YM) theory, and have given numerical evidences for the restricted-field dominance and the non-Abelian magnetic monopole dominance in the string tension by applying a new formulation of the YM theory on a lattice. To establish the non-Abelian dual superconductivity picture for quark confinement, we have observed the non-Abelian dual Meissner effect in the SU(3) Yang-Mills theory by measuring the chromoelectric flux created by the quark-antiquark source, and the non-Abelian magnetic monopole currents induced around the flux. We conclude that the dual superconductivity of the SU(3) Yang-Mills theory is strictly the type I and that this type of dual superconductivity is reproduced by the restricted field and the non-Abelian magnetic monopole part, in sharp contrast to the SU(2) case: the border of type I and type II.