Isospin symmetry breaking and baryon-isospin correlations from Polyakov$-$Nambu$-$Jona-Lasinio model

TL;DR

This paper investigates how small isospin symmetry breaking influences baryon-isospin correlations in strongly interacting matter using the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, with potential experimental implications.

Contribution

It demonstrates that even minimal isospin symmetry breaking can significantly affect baryon-isospin correlations in heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

Isospin symmetry breaking impacts baryon-isospin correlations.

Small quark mass differences can influence experimental observables.

Thermodynamics remains largely unaffected by isospin breaking.

Abstract

We present a study of the 1+1 flavor system of strongly interacting matter in terms of the Polyakov$-$Nambu$-$Jona-Lasinio model. We find that though the small isospin symmetry breaking brought in through unequal light quark masses is too small to affect the thermodynamics of the system in general, it may have significant effect in baryon-isospin correlations and have a measurable impact in heavy-ion collision experiments.