Third Quantization and Quantum Universes

TL;DR

This paper explores the third quantization of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmology with massless fields, revealing quantum states, universe transitions, and measurement challenges in a complex quantum cosmological framework.

Contribution

It introduces a third quantized Hamiltonian with invariant operators for quantum states of the universe, highlighting novel universe transition phenomena and measurement implications.

Findings

Universe transitions from stable to tachyonic states

Quantum states exhibit googolplex dispersions in unstable regimes

Measurement of universe position becomes impossible in certain quantum states

Abstract

We study the third quantization of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmology with $N$-minimal massless fields. The third quantized Hamiltonian for the WDW equation in the minisuperspace consists of infinite number of intrinsic time-dependent, decoupled oscillators. The Hamiltonian has a pair of invariant operators for each universe with conserved momenta of the fields that play a role of the annihilation and the creation operators and that construct various quantum states for the universe. The closed universe exhibits an interesting feature of transitions from stable states to tachyonic states depending on the conserved momenta of the fields. In the classical forbidden unstable regime, the quantum states have googolplex growing position and conjugate momentum dispersions, which defy any measurements of the position of the universe.