Identifying quantumness via addition-then-subtraction operation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new measure of quantumness based on addition-then-subtraction operations, capable of distinguishing classical from quantum particles in various physical systems, with practical experimental schemes proposed.

Contribution

It presents a novel quantumness measure using addition-then-subtraction operations and demonstrates its application across bosonic and fermionic systems, including experimental implementations.

Findings

Successfully distinguishes classical and quantum particles.

Provides experimental schemes for bosonic systems.

Applies measure to fermionic systems.

Abstract

We propose a measure of quantumness based on an addition-then-subtraction operation. We demonstrate how this measure can distinguish between classical and bosonic particles by investigating in detail multi-particle bosonic systems. Experimental schemes implementing this measure for bosons in all-optical and atom-cavity systems are provided. We also apply this measure to single-mode fermionic systems.