Double field domain walls with explicit symmetry breaking

TL;DR

This paper investigates the dynamics and interactions of domain walls in a double-field model with both spontaneous and explicit U(1) symmetry breaking, exploring solutions, collisions, and puncturing by strings.

Contribution

It provides explicit solutions for domain walls in a double-field model with symmetry breaking and analyzes their collision processes and interactions with strings.

Findings

Derived single domain wall solutions.

Analyzed collision processes including scattering and annihilation.

Explored the puncturing of domain walls by strings.

Abstract

We study the dynamics of domain walls in a double-field model in which the U(1) symmetry is broken both spontaneously and explicitly. The global U(1) symmetry of the system is restored when the symmetry breaking parameter $\epsilon$ is set to zero. Two pairs of degenerate kinks exist in the model with are related to each other by a $Z_2$ transformation. We first calculate the single domain wall solutions and then investigate collision processes. These include simple scattering, pair annihilation, pair capture, and other interesting processes. The possibility of the domain wall being punctured by a string is also investigated.