Factorization theorem for high-energy scattering near the endpoint

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new factorization theorem within effective field theories that isolates infrared divergences in parton distribution functions, improving the theoretical understanding of high-energy scattering near the endpoint.

Contribution

It presents a novel factorization approach that reorganizes soft and collinear contributions to eliminate infrared divergences from the hard scattering parts.

Findings

Infrared divergences are confined to parton distribution functions.

The method can be applied to various high-energy scattering processes.

A finite kernel is obtained by reorganizing soft contributions.

Abstract

A consistent factorization theorem is presented in the framework of effective field theories. Conventional factorization suffers from infrared divergences in the soft and collinear parts. We present a factorization theorem in which the infrared divergences appear only in the parton distribution functions by carefully reorganizing collinear and soft parts. The central idea is extracting the soft contributions from the collinear part to avoid double counting. Combining it with the original soft part, an infrared-finite kernel is obtained. This factorization procedure can be applied to various high-energy scattering processes.