Higher order wave-particle duality

TL;DR

This paper extends the wave-particle duality concept to multi-photon systems by introducing higher order measures of distinguishability and visibility, providing a broader framework for understanding quantum complementarity.

Contribution

It generalizes the duality relation to multi-photon cases through the novel concepts of higher order distinguishability and fringe visibility.

Findings

Generalized duality inequality for multi-photon systems

Introduction of higher order distinguishability and visibility

Framework for analyzing multi-photon wave-particle duality

Abstract

The complementarity of single-photon's particle-like and wave-like behaviors can be described by the inequality $D^2+V^2 \leq 1$, with $D$ being the path distinguishability and $V$ being the fringe visibility. In this paper, we generalize this duality relation to multi-photon case, where two new concepts, higher order distinguishability and higher order fringe visibility, are introduced to quantify the higher order particle-like and wave-like behaviors of multi-photons.