Transport in very dilute solutions of $^3$He in superfluid $^4 $He
Gordon Baym, D. H. Beck, and C. J. Pethick
TL;DR
This paper develops a microscopic model for the transport properties of dilute $^3$He in superfluid $^4$He, validating it against experimental data to support future neutron electric dipole moment searches.
Contribution
It provides a detailed theoretical framework for understanding transport in dilute helium solutions, incorporating various scattering processes and confirming its predictions with experimental results.
Findings
The theory agrees well with experimental data.
The model confirms the microscopic understanding of helium transport.
Supports the feasibility of future nEDM experiments.
Abstract
Motivated by a proposed experimental search for the electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) utilizing neutron-He capture in a dilute solution of He in superfluid He, we derive the transport properties of dilute solutions in the regime where the He are classically distributed and rapid He-He scatterings keep the He in equilibrium. Our microscopic framework takes into account phonon-phonon, phonon-He, and He-He scatterings. We then apply these calculations to measurements by Rosenbaum et al. [J.Low Temp.Phys. {\bf 16}, 131 (1974)] and by Lamoreaux et al. [Europhys.Lett. {\bf 58}, 718 (2002)] of dilute solutions in the presence of a heat flow. We find satisfactory agreement of theory with the data, serving to confirm our understanding of the microscopics of the helium in the future nEDM experiment.
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Taxonomy
TopicsQuantum, superfluid, helium dynamics · Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research