Explicit expressions for optical scalars in gravitational lensing from general matter sources

TL;DR

This paper derives explicit formulas for optical scalars and deflection angles in gravitational lensing, relating them directly to the energy-momentum tensor of matter sources, broadening the scope beyond traditional assumptions.

Contribution

It provides generalized explicit expressions for optical scalars and deflection angles in gravitational lensing from arbitrary matter sources, extending previous models.

Findings

Explicit formulas for optical scalars and deflection angles derived.

Generalization beyond standard assumptions on matter sources.

Applicable to diverse matter distributions in gravitational lensing.

Abstract

We present explicit expressions for the optical scalars and the deection angle in terms of the energymomentum tensor components of matter distributions. Our work generalizes standard references in the literature where normally stringent assumptions are made on the sources.