Comparative study for non-statistical fluctuation of net- proton,baryon, and charge multiplicities

TL;DR

This study investigates the non-statistical fluctuations of net-proton, net-baryon, and net-charge multiplicities in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, highlighting the challenges in detecting critical point signatures due to dominant statistical fluctuations.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of higher moment excitation functions and their dependence on window size, offering insights into potential critical point signals in heavy-ion collision data.

Findings

Statistical fluctuations dominate real higher moment signals.

CP signatures may only appear in non-statistical moments within specific windows.

Higher moment properties depend significantly on the observable window size.

Abstract

We calculate the real and non-statistical higher moment excitation functions ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 11.5 to 200 GeV) for the net-proton, net-baryon, and the net-charge number event distributions in the relativistic Au+Au collisions with the parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE. It turned out that because of the statistical fluctuation dominance it is very hard to see signature of the CP singularity in the real higher moment excitation functions. It is found that the property of higher moment excitation functions are significantly dependent on the window size, and hence the CP signatures may show only in a definite window for a given conserved observable non-statistical higher moments. But for a given widow size, the CP singularity may show only in the non-statistical higher moment excitation functions of a definite conserved observable.