Simulating an interacting gauge theory with ultracold Bose gases

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how to induce density-dependent gauge potentials in ultracold Bose gases via light-matter interactions, leading to novel topological states, persistent currents, and chiral solitons, advancing quantum simulation capabilities.

Contribution

It introduces a method to create density-dependent gauge potentials in ultracold gases and explores their effects on topological states and solitons, a novel approach in quantum simulation.

Findings

Persistent currents depend on a critical particle number.

Density-dependent gauge potentials support chiral solitons.

Novel topological states emerge in the ultracold gas.

Abstract

We show how density dependent gauge potentials can be induced in dilute gases of ultracold atoms using light-matter interactions. We study the effect of the resulting interacting gauge theory and show how it gives rise to novel topological states in the ultracold gas. We find in particular that the onset of persistent currents in a ring geometry is governed by a critical number of particles. The density-dependent gauge potential is also found to support chiral solitons in a quasi-one-dimensional ultracold Bose gas.