Triple $Z^0$-boson production in large extra dimensions model at ILC

TL;DR

This paper explores how large extra dimensions influence triple Z-boson production at the ILC, showing potential observable deviations in cross sections and distributions due to Kaluza-Klein graviton interactions.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of LED effects on triple Z-boson production, including cross section dependence on energy, kinematic distributions, and the relationship with the fundamental scale M_S.

Findings

LED effects can cause up to 13.11% deviation in cross sections at certain energies.

Significant discrepancies appear in high transverse momentum and central rapidity regions.

The impact varies with the number of extra dimensions and the fundamental scale M_S.

Abstract

We investigate the effects induced by the interactions of the Kaluza-Klein (KK) graviton with the standard model (SM) particles on the triple $Z^0$-boson production process at the ILC in the framework of the large extra dimension (LED) model. We present the dependence of the integrated cross sections on the electron-positron colliding energy $\sqrt{s}$, and various kinematic distributions of final $Z^0$ bosons and their subsequential decay products in both the SM and the LED model. We also provide the relationship between the integrated cross section and the fundamental scale $M_S$ by taking the number of the extra dimensions ($d$) as 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The numerical results show that the LED effect can induce a observable relative discrepancy for the integrated cross section ($\delta_{LED}$), which can reach the value of $13.11% (9.27%)$ when $M_S = 3.5 (3.8) TeV$ and the colliding energy $\sqrt{s} = 1 TeV$. We find the relative discrepancy of LED effect can even reach few dozen percent in the high transverse momentum area or the central rapidity region of the final $Z^0$-bosons and muons.