Cosmological perturbations during the Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter affects the evolution of cosmological perturbations, gravitational waves, and structure formation using analytical and numerical methods.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the impact of Bose-Einstein phase transition on scalar and tensor perturbations in cosmology, including gravitational waves.

Findings

Bose-Einstein condensation alters gravitational wave evolution.

Phase transition influences large-scale structure formation.

Perturbation behavior is characterized during the transition.

Abstract

In the present work, we analyze the evolution of the scalar and tensorial perturbations and the quantities relevant for the physical description of the Universe, as the density contrast of the scalar perturbations and the gravitational waves energy density during the Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter. The behavior of these parameters during the Bose-Einstein phase transition of dark matter is analyzed in details. To study the cosmological dynamics and evolution of scalar and tensorial perturbations in a Universe with and without cosmological constant we use both analytical and numerical methods. The Bose-Einstein phase transition modifies the evolution of gravitational waves of cosmological origin, as well as the process of large-scale structure formation.