Entropic estimate of cooperative binding of substrate on a single oligomeric enzyme: An index of cooperativity

TL;DR

This study introduces an entropic index to quantify substrate cooperativity on oligomeric enzymes, linking microscopic entropy measures with macroscopic reaction rates to better understand enzyme behavior.

Contribution

It presents a novel entropic index C for assessing cooperativity, connecting stochastic entropy production with traditional macroscopic measures like the Hill coefficient.

Findings

Entropy production signatures diagnose cooperativity.

The index C correlates with the Hill coefficient.

Entropy measures are consistent at steady state.

Abstract

Here we have systematically studied the cooperative binding of substrate molecules on the active sites of a single oligomeric enzyme in a chemiostatic condition. The average number of bound substrate and the net velocity of the enzyme catalyzed reaction are studied by the formulation of stochastic master equation for the cooperative binding classified here as spatial and temporal. We have estimated the entropy production for the cooperative binding schemes based on single trajectory analysis using a kinetic Monte Carlo technique. It is found that the total as well as the medium entropy production show the same generic diagnostic signature for detecting the cooperativity, usually characterized in terms of the net velocity of the reaction. This feature is also found to be valid for the total entropy production rate at the nonequilibrium steady state. We have introduced an index of cooperativity, C, defined in terms of the ratio of the surprisals or equivalently, the stochastic system entropy associated with the fully bound state of the cooperative and non-cooperative cases. The criteria of cooperativity in terms of C is compared with that of the Hill coefficient and gives a microscopic insight on the cooperative binding of substrate on a single oligomeric enzyme which is usually characterized by macroscopic reaction rate.