Quantum particle escape from a time-dependent confining potential

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a quantum particle escapes from a time-dependent confining potential, revealing complex decay behaviors influenced by oscillation amplitude, with implications for quantum open systems.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of quantum escape dynamics under oscillating potentials, highlighting the impact of oscillation amplitude on decay rates and behaviors.

Findings

Early-time exponential decay of escape probability

Later-time power-law decay with oscillations

Larger oscillation amplitude accelerates exponential decay

Abstract

Quantum escape of a particle via a time-dependent confining potential in a semi-infinite one-dimensional space is discussed. We describe the time-evolution of escape states in terms of scattering states of the quantum open system, and calculate the probability $P(t)$ for a particle to remain in the confined region at time $t$ in the case of a delta-function potential with a time-oscillating magnitude. The probability $P(t)$ decays exponentially in time at early times, then decays as a power later, along with a time-oscillation in itself. We show that a larger time-oscillation amplitude of the confining potential leads to a faster exponential decay of the probability $P(t)$, while it can rather enhance the probability $P(t)$ decaying as a power. These contrastive behaviors of the probability $P(t)$ in different types of decay are discussed quantitatively by using the decay time and the power decay magnitude of the probability $P(t)$.