Narrow and $\ell_2$-strictly singular operators from $L_p$

TL;DR

This paper characterizes narrow operators from $L_p$ spaces to various Banach spaces, proving all operators from $L_p$ to $ ext{ell}_r$ are narrow for certain $p,r$, and introduces new conditions ensuring narrowness.

Contribution

It proves all operators from $L_p$ to $ ext{ell}_r$ are narrow for specific $p,r$, and establishes new criteria for narrowness based on 'gentle' growth functions.

Findings

Operators from $L_p$ to $ ext{ell}_r$ are narrow for $2 < p,r < \infty$.

Every $ ext{ell}_2$-strictly singular operator from $L_p$ to spaces with unconditional bases is narrow.

A new sufficient condition involving 'gentle' growth functions ensures narrowness of operators on $L_p$ for $1<p<2$.

Abstract

In the first part of the paper we prove that for $2 < p, r < \infty$ every operator $T: L_p \to \ell_r$ is narrow. This completes the list of sequence and function Lebesgue spaces $X$ with the property that every operator $T:L_p \to X$ is narrow. Next, using similar methods we prove that every $\ell_2$-strictly singular operator from $L_p$, $1<p<\infty$, to any Banach space with an unconditional basis, is narrow, which partially answers a question of Plichko and Popov posed in 1990. A theorem of H. P. Rosenthal asserts that if an operator $T$ on $L_1[0,1]$ satisfies the assumption that for each measurable set $A \subseteq [0,1]$ the restriction $T \bigl|_{L_1(A)}$ is not an isomorphic embedding, then $T$ is narrow. (Here $L_1(A) = \{x \in L_1: {\rm supp} \, x \subseteq A\}$.) Inspired by this result, in the last part of the paper, we find a sufficient condition, of a different flavor than being $\ell_2$-strictly singular, for operators on $L_p[0,1]$, $1<p<2$, to be narrow. We define a notion of a "gentle" growth of a function and we prove that for $1 < p < 2$ every operator $T$ on $L_p$ which, for every $A\subseteq[0,1]$, sends a function of "gentle" growth supported on $A$ to a function of arbitrarily small norm is narrow.