On The Evolution of The Radio Pulsar PSR J1734-3333

TL;DR

This paper models the evolution of the radio pulsar PSR J1734-3333 using fallback disk theory, explaining its increasing period derivative and predicting its future as an X-ray dim neutron star or transient AXP.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the observed properties of PSR J1734-3333 can be explained by a fallback disk evolution model, providing insights into its magnetic field and age.

Findings

The pulsar's period and derivatives match the fallback disk model predictions.

The magnetic field strength is estimated between 10^{12} and 10^{13} G.

The pulsar is approximately 30,000 to 200,000 years old.

Abstract

Recent measurements showed that the period derivative of the 'high-B' radio pulsar PSR J1734-3333 is increasing with time. For neutron stars evolving with fallback disks, this rotational behavior is expected in certain phases of the long-term evolution. Using the same model as employed earlier to explain the evolution of anomalous X-ray pulsars and soft gamma-ray repeaters, we show that the period, the first and second period derivatives and the X-ray luminosity of this source can simultaneously acquire the observed values for a neutron star evolving with a fallback disk. We find that the required strength of the dipole field that can produce the source properties is in the range of 10^{12} - 10^{13} G on the pole of the neutron star. When the model source reaches the current state properties of PSR J1734-3333, accretion onto the star has not started yet, allowing the source to operate as a regular radio pulsar. Our results imply that PSR J1734-3333 is at an age of ~ 3 x 10^4 - 2 x 10^5 years. Such sources will have properties like the X-ray dim isolated neutron stars or transient AXPs at a later epoch of weak accretion from the diminished fallback disk.