Dissipative binding of atoms by non-conservative forces

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that non-conservative forces can induce stable, dissipative bonds between atoms, even with purely repulsive interactions, opening new avenues for controlling quantum gases.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of dissipative bonding via non-conservative forces, a novel mechanism distinct from traditional conservative bonding.

Findings

Dissipative bound states exist at specific interatomic distances.

Such bonds can form even with purely repulsive interactions.

Experimental realization with ultracold atoms is feasible.

Abstract

The formation of molecules and supramolecular structures results from bonding by conservative forces acting among electrons and nuclei and giving rise to equilibrium configurations defined by minima of the interaction potential. Here we show that bonding can also occur by the non-conservative forces responsible for interaction-induced coherent population trapping. The bound state arises in a dissipative process and manifests itself as a stationary state at a preordained interatomic distance. Remarkably, such a dissipative bonding is present even when the interactions among the atoms are purely repulsive. The dissipative bound states can be created and studied spectroscopically in present-day experiments with ultracold atoms or molecules and can potentially serve for cooling strongly interacting quantum gases.