Accelerated rogue waves generated by soliton fusion at the advanced stage of supercontinuum formation in photonic crystal fibers

TL;DR

This paper investigates how soliton fusion in photonic crystal fibers leads to the formation of rare, giant optical waves resembling rogue waves, driven by soliton interactions and dispersive wave radiation.

Contribution

It reveals the mechanism of soliton acceleration and fusion at advanced supercontinuum stages, linking it to rogue wave formation in optical fibers.

Findings

Soliton fusion causes large, robust light structures to form.

Fusion-induced giant waves are rare and sensitive to noise.

These giant waves are potential optical rogue waves.

Abstract

Soliton fusion is a fascinating and delicate phenomenon that manifests itself in optical fibers in case of interaction between co-propagating solitons with small temporal and wavelengths separation. We show that the mechanism of acceleration of trailing soliton by dispersive waves radiated from the preceding one provides necessary conditions for soliton fusion at the advanced stage of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fibers. As a result of fusion large intensity robust light structures arise and propagate over significant distances. In presence of small random noise the delicate condition for the effective fusion between solitons can easily be broken, making the fusion induced giant waves a rare statistical event. Thus oblong-shaped giant accelerated waves become excellent candidates for optical rogue waves.