Density fluctuations and the acceleration of electrons by beam-generated Langmuir waves in the solar corona

TL;DR

This study explores how ambient density fluctuations in the solar corona influence Langmuir wave interactions with non-thermal electrons, revealing that plasma inhomogeneities significantly affect electron acceleration and energy redistribution.

Contribution

It introduces a numerical model incorporating wavenumber diffusion to analyze the impact of density fluctuations on beam-plasma relaxation and electron acceleration in the solar corona.

Findings

Electron acceleration is enhanced when the diffusion time scale matches the quasilinear time scale.

Inhomogeneities can suppress beam relaxation when diffusion occurs faster than quasilinear processes.

Density fluctuations are crucial for understanding energy redistribution in solar flare electron populations.

Abstract

Non-thermal electron populations are observed throughout the heliosphere. The relaxation of an electron beam is known to produce Langmuir waves which, in turn, may substantially modify the electron distribution function. As the Langmuir waves are refracted by background density gradients and as the solar and heliospheric plasma density is naturally perturbed with various levels of inhomogeneity, the interaction of Langmuir waves with non-thermal electrons in inhomogeneous plasmas is an important topic. We investigate the role played by ambient density fluctuations on the beam-plasma relaxation, focusing on the effect of acceleration of beam electrons. The scattering of Langmuir waves off turbulent density fluctuations is modeled as a wavenumber diffusion process which is implemented in numerical simulations of the one-dimensional quasilinear kinetic equations describing the beam relaxation. The results show that a substantial number of beam electrons are accelerated when the diffusive time scale in wavenumber space \tau_D is of the order of the quasilinear time scale \tau_ql, while when \tau_D << \tau_ql, the beam relaxation is suppressed. Plasma inhomogeneities are therefore an important means of energy redistribution for waves and hence electrons, and so must be taken into account when interpreting, for example, hard X-ray or Type III emission from flare-accelerated electrons.