Atomic Quantum Simulation of U(N) and SU(N) Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories

TL;DR

This paper proposes a quantum simulation platform using ultracold atoms to emulate U(N) and SU(N) lattice gauge theories, capturing key features of QCD and enabling real-time study of chiral dynamics without sign problems.

Contribution

It introduces a novel quantum simulation approach for non-Abelian gauge theories using ultracold atoms, overcoming classical computational limitations.

Findings

Simulates key features of QCD, including chiral symmetry breaking.

Enables real-time study of gauge theory dynamics.

Provides a scalable platform for non-Abelian gauge simulations.

Abstract

Using ultracold alkaline-earth atoms in optical lattices, we construct a quantum simulator for U(N) and SU(N) lattice gauge theories with fermionic matter based on quantum link models. These systems share qualitative features with QCD, including chiral symmetry breaking and restoration at non-zero temperature or baryon density. Unlike classical simulations, a quantum simulator does not suffer from sign problems and can address the corresponding chiral dynamics in real time.