The Hawking temperature in the context of dark energy

TL;DR

This paper derives a modified Hawking temperature for an emergent gravity metric influenced by k-essence scalar fields, linking dark energy models with black hole thermodynamics and potential analogue gravity experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a novel emergent gravity framework with k-essence fields that alters the Hawking temperature, connecting dark energy dynamics with black hole physics.

Findings

Hawking temperature is modified by a factor involving the kinetic energy of k-essence fields.

The emergent metric resembles a black hole with a global monopole but is driven by scalar field dynamics.

Potential implications for gravitational analogue experiments are discussed.

Abstract

An emergent gravity metric incorporating $k-$essence scalar fields $\phi$ having a Born-Infeld type lagrangian is mapped into a metric whose structure is similar to that of a blackhole of large mass $M$ that has swallowed a global monopole. However, here the field is not that of a monopole but rather that of a $k-$essence scalar field. If $\phi_{emergent}$ be solutions of the emergent gravity equations of motion under cosmological boundary conditions at $\infty$, then for $r\rightarrow\infty$ the rescaled field $\frac {\phi_{emergent}}{2GM-1}$ has exact correspondence with $\phi$ with $\phi(r,t)=\phi_{1}(r)+\phi_{2}(t)$. The Hawking temperature of this metric is $T_{\mathrm emergent}= \frac{\hbar c^{3}}{8\pi GM k_{\mathrm B}}(1-K)^{2}\equiv \frac{\hbar}{8\pi GM k_{\mathrm B}}(1-K)^{2}$, taking the speed of light $c=1$. Here $K=\dot\phi_{2}^{2}$ is the kinetic energy of the $k-$essence field $\phi$ and $K$ is always less than unity, $k_{\mathrm B}$ is the Boltzmann constant. This is phenomenologically interesting in the context of Belgiorno {\it et al's} gravitational analogue experiment.