Static Charged Fluid in (2+1)-Dimensions Admitting Conformal Killing Vectors

TL;DR

This paper presents new static charged fluid solutions in (2+1)-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory with conformal symmetry, exploring their physical properties, potential gravastar and electromagnetic mass models, and their connection to BTZ black holes and Hawking radiation.

Contribution

It introduces novel solutions for charged fluids with conformal Killing vectors in (2+1) dimensions, linking them to gravastar models and BTZ black holes.

Findings

Solutions match with BTZ black hole exterior

Central charge density relates to BTZ mass and horizon

Model supports gravastar and electromagnetic mass interpretations

Abstract

New solutions for $(2+1)$-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell space-time are found for a static spherically symmetric charged fluid distribution with the additional condition of allowing conformal killing vectors (CKV). We discuss physical properties of the fluid parameters. Moreover, it is shown that the model actually represents two structures, namely (i) Gravastar as an alternative of black hole and (ii) Electromagnetic Mass model depending on the nature of the equation state of the fluid. Here the gravitational mass originates from electromagnetic field alone. The solutions are matched with the exterior region of the Ba$\tilde{n}$ados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) type isotropic static charged black hole as a consequence of junction conditions. We have shown that the central charge density is dependent on the value of $M_0$, the conserved mass of the BTZ black hole. This in turn depends on the black hole event horizon which again is related to the Hawking radiation temperature of a BTZ black hole. Thus one may have a clue that the central charge density is related with Hawking radiation temperature of the BTZ black hole on the exterior region of the static charged fluid sphere.