Switch between the types of the symmetry breaking bifurcation in optically induced photorefractive rotational double-well potential

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the symmetry breaking bifurcation types in a photorefractive waveguide can be switched or remain fixed depending on the nonlinearity type, using a nonlinear Schrödinger model.

Contribution

It demonstrates the controllability of bifurcation types in a photorefractive waveguide by adjusting the applied voltage in different nonlinear regimes.

Findings

Switch from supercritical to subcritical bifurcation in self-focusing case.

No switching of bifurcation type in self-defocusing case.

Bifurcation behavior depends on the nonlinearity regime.

Abstract

We study the possibility of switching the types of symmetry breaking bifurcation (SBB) in the cylinder shell waveguide with helical double-well potential along propagation direction. This model is described by the one-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger (NLS) equation. The symmetry- and antisymmetry-breakings can be caused by increasing the applied voltage onto the waveguide in the self-focusing and -defocusing cases, respectively. In the self-focusing case, the type of SBB can be switched from supercritical to subcritical. While in the self-defocusing case, the type of SBB can not be switched because only one type of SBB is found.