An obscured cluster associated with the HII region RCW173

TL;DR

This study characterizes a stellar population associated with the HII region RCW173, revealing a young cluster likely triggered by a nearby massive star, and highlights the complex line-of-sight structure in this Galactic region.

Contribution

It provides a detailed multi-wavelength analysis of the stellar content and structure around RCW173, identifying a young emerging cluster and clarifying its placement within Galactic spiral arms.

Findings

Identified a population of early-type stars at 3.0 kpc consistent with the Scutum-Crux arm.

Detected a bubble of excited material surrounding a cavity with B0-1V stars.

Found evidence of older B-type giants possibly in the Sagittarius arm.

Abstract

The discovery of several clusters of red supergiants towards l=24-30 deg has triggered interest in this area of the Galactic plane, where lines of sight are very complex and previous explorations of the stellar content were very preliminary. We attempt to characterise the stellar population associated with the HII region RCW173 (Sh2-60), located at l=25.3 deg, as previous studies have suggested that this population could be beyond the Sagittarius arm. We obtained UBV photometry of a stellar field to the south of the brightest part of RCW173, as well as spectroscopy of about twenty stars in the area. We combined our new data with archival 2MASS near-infrared photometry and Spitzer/GLIMPSE imaging and photometry. We find a significant population of early-type stars located at d=3.0 kpc, in good agreement with the near dynamical distance to the HII region. This population should be located at the near intersection of the Scutum-Crux arm. A luminous O7II star is likely to be the main source of ionisation. Many stars are concentrated around the bright nebulosity, where GLIMPSE images in the mid infrared show the presence of a bubble of excited material surrounding a cavity that coincides spatially with a number of B0-1V stars. We interpret this as an emerging cluster, perhaps triggered by the nearby O7II star. We also find a number of B-type giants. Some of them are located at approximately the same distance, and may be part of an older population in the same area, characterised by much lower reddening. A few have shorter distance moduli and are likely to be located in the Sagittarius arm. The line of sight in this direction is very complex. Optically visible tracers delineate two spiral arms, but seem to be absent beyond d~3 kpc. Several HII regions in this area suggest that the Scutum-Crux arm contains thick clouds actively forming stars.