Ground state properties and excitation spectrum of a two dimensional gas of bosonic dipoles

TL;DR

This study uses quantum Monte Carlo methods to analyze the ground state and excitation spectrum of two-dimensional dipolar Bose gases, highlighting the effects of anisotropy and polarization angle on their properties at various densities.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed quantum Monte Carlo analysis of anisotropic effects in 2D dipolar Bose gases across a range of densities and compares excitation spectrum approximations.

Findings

Anisotropy effects on energy scale with the gas parameter at low densities.

Feynman and Bogoliubov approximations agree at low densities but diverge at higher densities.

Anisotropy significantly influences the excitation spectrum at large densities.

Abstract

We present a quantum Monte Carlo study of two-dimensional dipolar Bose gases in the limit of zero temperature. The analysis is mainly focused on the anisotropy effects induced in the homogeneous gas when the polarization angle with respect to the plane is changed. We restrict our study to the regime where the dipolar interaction is strictly repulsive, although the strength of the pair repulsion depends on the vector interparticle distance. Our results show that the effect of the anisotropy in the energy per particle scales with the gas parameter at low densities as expected, and that this scaling is preserved for all polarization angles even at the largest densities considered here. We also evaluate the excitation spectrum of the dipolar Bose gas in the context of the Feynman approximation and compare the results obtained with the Bogoliubov ones. As expected, we find that these two approximations agree at very low densities, while they start to deviate from each other as the density increases. For the largest densities studied, we observe a significant influence of the anisotropy of the dipole-dipole interaction in the excitation spectrum.