HOM Choice Study with Test Electronics for use as Beam Position Diagnostics in 3.9 GHz Accelerating Cavities in FLASH

TL;DR

This study evaluates HOM-based beam position diagnostics in 3.9 GHz cavities, developing test electronics to identify optimal frequency bands for high-resolution and localized beam position monitoring in FLASH.

Contribution

It introduces a set of test electronics for characterizing HOM signals and identifies optimal frequency bands for beam position diagnostics in accelerating cavities.

Findings

Best resolution of 20 μm achieved with certain propagating modes.

Selected 5 GHz band for high-resolution monitoring.

Selected 9 GHz band for localized position measurements.

Abstract

Higher Order Modes (HOM) excited by the beam in the 3.9 GHz accelerating cavities in FLASH can be used for beam position diagnostics, as in a cavity beam position monitor. Previous studies of the modal choices within the complicated spectrum have revealed several options: cavity modes with strong coupling to the beam, and therefore with the potential for better position resolution, but which are propagating within all 4 cavities, and modes localized in the cavities or the beam pipes, which can give localized position information, but which provide worse resolution. For a better characterization of these options, a set of test electronics has been built, which can down-convert various frequencies between about 4 and 9 GHz to 70 MHz. The performance of various 20 MHz bands has been estimated. The best resolution of 20 \mu m was found for some propagating modes. Based on this study one band at ca. 5 GHz was chosen for high resolution position monitoring and a band at ca. 9 GHz for localized monitoring.