Particle number production and time variation with non-equilibrium quantum field theory

TL;DR

This paper investigates how particle number is produced and varies over time in a non-equilibrium quantum field theory model involving scalars with CP violation and particle number violation, analyzing long-term behavior.

Contribution

It applies non-equilibrium quantum field theory to a specific model with CP violation and mass splitting, exploring particle number dynamics over time.

Findings

Particle number production rate exhibits specific long-term behavior.

Mass splitting induces particle-antiparticle mixing.

CP violation influences particle number evolution.

Abstract

We study the particle number production and its time variation using non-equilibrium quantum field theory. We study the model proposed by Hotta et.al. \cite{Hotta:2012hi} for particle number production with a heavy neutral scalar and a light complex scalar. The interaction Lagrangian contains CP violating phase and particle number violating interaction among the scalars. The particle number violating mass term is also introduced, which splits a complex scalar into two real scalars with small non-degenerate mass. Therefore, the term generates particle and anti-particle mixing. We study the long time behavior of the particle number production rate.