Josephson current and density of states in proximity circuits with s+- superconductors

TL;DR

This paper investigates the proximity effect in circuits combining conventional and pnictide superconductors, revealing signatures of the s+- state through density of states and Josephson current analyses, aiding experimental identification.

Contribution

It provides an analytical universal density of states result and explores Josephson current-phase relationships, highlighting features that distinguish s+- from s++ superconductors.

Findings

Universal density of states with Thouless gap and edge features

Distinctive signatures for s+- symmetry in tunneling spectroscopy

Robust 0- transitions in Josephson junctions

Abstract

We study the emergent proximity effect in mesoscopic circuits that involve a conventional superconductor and an unconventional pnictide superconductor separated by a diffusive normal or ferromagnetic wire. The focus is placed on revealing signatures of the proposed s+- state of pnictides from the proximity-induced density of states and Josephson current. We find analytically a universal result for the density of states that exhibits both the Thouless gap at low energies, and peculiar features near the superconducting gap edges at higher energies. The latter may be used to discriminate between s+- and s++ symmetry scenarios in scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments. We also calculate Josephson current-phase relationships for different junction configurations, which are found to display robust 0-\pi transitions for a wide range of parameters.