Gravitational lenses in the dark Universe

TL;DR

This paper explores how various cosmological models influence the likelihood of gravitational lensing events, specifically the formation of multiple images of background sources, highlighting the impact of different dark energy and matter components.

Contribution

It compares multiple cosmological models to assess their effects on gravitational lensing probabilities, providing insights into the role of dark matter and dark energy in the Universe.

Findings

Different models significantly alter lensing probabilities.

Dark energy models impact the frequency of multiple images.

Energy-matter content influences gravitational lensing frequency.

Abstract

We discuss how different cosmological models of the Universe affect the probability that a background source has multiple images related by an angular distance $\theta_E$ of the line of sight, \textit{i. e.}, the optical depth of gravitational lensing. We examine some cosmological models for different values of the density parameter $\Omega_i$: i) the cold dark matter model, ii) the $\Lambda$CDM model, iii) the Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter model, iv) the Chaplygin gas model, v) the viscous fluid cosmological model and vi) the holographic dark energy model. We note that the dependence of the energy-matter content of the universe profoundly alters the frequency of multiple quasar image.