EPR-steering: closing the detection loophole with non-maximally entangled states and arbitrary low efficiency

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that quantum steering can be shown even with very low detection efficiencies by using non-maximally entangled states, which has significant implications for secure quantum communication.

Contribution

It introduces a method to close the detection loophole in quantum steering using non-maximally entangled states at arbitrarily low efficiencies.

Findings

Quantum steering demonstrated at arbitrarily low detection efficiencies.

Non-maximally entangled states enable loophole-free steering.

Potential applications in one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution.

Abstract

Quantum steering inequalities allow to demonstrate the presence of entanglement between two parties when one of the two measurement device is not trusted. In this paper we show that quantum steering can be demonstrated for arbitrary low detection efficiency by using two-qubit non-maximally entangled states. Our result can have important applications in one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution.