Order-$v^4$ Relativistic Corrections to $\Upsilon$ Inclusive Decay into a Charm pair

TL;DR

This paper calculates relativistic corrections up to order v^4 for the decay of Upsilon into charm pairs, demonstrating good convergence of the expansion and analyzing the impact of charm-to-bottom mass ratio on corrections.

Contribution

It provides the first determination of order-v^4 short-distance coefficients for Upsilon decay into charm pairs within NRQCD, including detailed divergence cancellation and convergence analysis.

Findings

Order-v^4 coefficients are large but the expansion converges well.

Relativistic corrections increase rapidly with charm-to-bottom mass ratio.

Divergences are canceled through operator renormalizations.

Abstract

In this work, we determine the short-distance coefficients for $\Upsilon$ inclusive decay into a charm pair through relative order $v^4$ within the framework of NRQCD factorization formula. The short-distance coefficient of the order-$v^4$ color-singlet NRQCD matrix element is obtained through matching the decay rate of $b\bar{b}(^3S^{[1]}_1)\to c\bar{c}gg$ in full QCD to that in NRQCD. The double and single IR divergences appearing in the decay rate are exactly canceled through the next-to-next-to-leading-order renormalization of the operator ${\mathcal O}(^3S^{[8]}_1)$ and the next-to-leading-order renormalization of the operators ${\mathcal O}(^3P^{[8]}_J)$. To investigate the convergence of the relativistic expansion arising from the color-singlet contributions, we study the ratios of the order-$v^2$ and -$v^4$ color-singlet short-distance coefficients to the leading-order one. Our results indicate that though the order-$v^4$ color-singlet short-distance coefficient is quite large, the relativistic expansion for the color-singlet contributions in the process $\Upsilon\to c\bar{c}+X$ is well convergent due to a small value of $v$. In addition, we extrapolate the value of the mass ratio of the charm quark to the bottom quark, and find the relativistic corrections rise quickly with increase of the mass ratio.