Embedding defect sites into hexagonal nondiffracting wave fields

TL;DR

This paper introduces a universal optical method to create hexagonal photonic lattices with defect sites using superposed nondiffracting beams, applicable across various media and scalable for different structures.

Contribution

A novel, wavelength-independent technique for embedding defect sites into hexagonal nondiffracting wave fields via superposition of specific beams.

Findings

Successfully demonstrated defect site embedding in photonic lattices.

Technique is scalable and compatible with various holographic methods.

Applicable to particle and atom trapping applications.

Abstract

We present a highly purposive technique to optically induce periodic photonic lattices enriched with a negative defect site by using a properly designed nondiffracting beam. As the interference of two or more nondiffracting beams with adequate mutual spatial frequency relations in turn reproduces a nondiffracting beam, we adeptly superpose a hexagonal and a Bessel beam to create the nondiffracting defect beam of demand. The presented wavelength-independent technique is of utmost universality in terms of structural scalability and does not make any specific requirements to the photosensitive medium. In addition, the technique is easily transferable to all pattern-forming holographic methods in general and its application is highly appropriate e.g. in the fields of particle as well as atom trapping.