Are the modern computer simulations a substitute for physical models? The SKA case

TL;DR

The paper argues that current computer simulations and physical models are insufficient for understanding the SKA's interferometry, advocating for innovative approaches to data analysis in radio astronomy.

Contribution

It challenges the adequacy of existing models and simulations for SKA, proposing a need for new, innovative methods to understand interferometric data.

Findings

Simulations and physical models are not enough to understand SKA.

A deeper theoretical understanding of interferometry is lacking.

New approaches are necessary for SKA data analysis.

Abstract

I consider the question posed to me by the scientific organisers of the conference, "Are the modern computer simulations a substitute for physical models? The SKA case." I briefly consider the current knowledge of computer simulations and of physical prototypes in the context of understanding interferometric radio telescopes. My conclusion is that, "no, computer simulations are not a substitute for physical models when it comes to understanding the SKA.....furthermore, physical models are not much help either." This conclusion is intentionally provocative, designed to promote some discussion at the conference, which it did. However, the conclusion reflects my belief that we do not have a deep enough understanding, theoretical or practical, of how interferometry works, to determine if the SKA will meet the stated specifications or not. I conclude that we need to adopt a qualitatively different approach to dealing with interferometric data. I note that some good work is being done on this front, but it is likely a bigger effort is needed in the SKA era. This is exactly the type of innovation that projects such as the SKA should encourage.