Directional interactions and cooperativity between mechanosensitive membrane proteins

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the shape and orientation of membrane proteins influence their cooperative interactions mediated by the lipid bilayer's elastic properties, affecting their function and organization.

Contribution

It introduces a model linking protein shape to membrane-mediated elastic interactions, predicting their impact on protein cooperativity and organization.

Findings

Elastic interactions depend on protein shape and orientation.

Distinct cooperative gating behaviors are observed for different protein orientations.

The model predicts how elastic interactions influence membrane protein function.

Abstract

While modern structural biology has provided us with a rich and diverse picture of membrane proteins, the biological function of membrane proteins is often influenced by the mechanical properties of the surrounding lipid bilayer. Here we explore the relation between the shape of membrane proteins and the cooperative function of membrane proteins induced by membrane-mediated elastic interactions. For the experimental model system of mechanosensitive ion channels we find that the sign and strength of elastic interactions depend on the protein shape, yielding distinct cooperative gating curves for distinct protein orientations. Our approach predicts how directional elastic interactions affect the molecular structure, organization, and biological function of proteins in crowded membranes.