Quark confinement due to non-Abelian magnetic monopoles in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates quark confinement in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory through non-Abelian magnetic monopoles and the dual Meissner effect, using a gauge-invariant approach and a new reformulation of the theory.

Contribution

It introduces a gauge-invariant definition of non-Abelian magnetic monopoles and shows their role in quark confinement, differing from the Abelian projection method.

Findings

Confinement is explained by the dual Meissner effect from non-Abelian monopoles.

A new reformulation of Yang-Mills theory enables gauge-invariant monopole identification.

Results support non-Abelian monopoles as key to quark confinement.

Abstract

We present recent results on quark confinement: in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory, confinement of fundamental quarks is obtained due to the dual Meissner effect originated from non-Abelian magnetic monopoles defined in a gauge-invariant way, which is distinct from the well-known Abelian projection scenario. This is achieved by using a non-Abelian Stokes theorem for the Wilson loop operator and a new reformulation of the Yang-Mills theory.