Vortex dynamics of rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates how dipole-dipole interactions affect vortex formation and lattice structures in rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing enhanced vortex numbers and ordered lattices due to dipolar effects.

Contribution

It demonstrates through numerical simulations that dipolar interactions increase vortex count and order in rotating BECs, highlighting their role in vortex dynamics.

Findings

Dipolar interactions increase the number of vortices.

A strongly dipolar BEC forms an ordered vortex lattice.

Dipolar effects enhance vortex stability.

Abstract

We study the influence of dipole-dipole interaction on the formation of vortices in a rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of $^{52}$Cr and $^{164}$Dy atoms in quasi two-dimensional geometry. By numerically solving the corresponding time-dependent mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we show that the dipolar interaction enhances the number of vortices while a repulsive contact interaction increases the stability of the vortices. Further, an ordered vortex lattice of relatively large number of vortices is found in a strongly dipolar BEC.