Resonantly enhanced pair production in a simple diatomic model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a resonantly enhanced pair production mechanism in a diatomic model, showing how laser-induced resonance crossings can significantly increase electron-positron pair creation at low field strengths.

Contribution

It presents a novel theoretical model demonstrating how resonance crossings in a diatomic system enhance pair production, extending understanding of vacuum phenomena under strong fields.

Findings

Resonance crossings lead to increased pair production rates.

The model shows enhancement compared to single nucleus and free cases.

Positron production can be amplified at lower laser intensities.

Abstract

A new mechanism for the production of electron-positron pairs from the interaction of a laser field and a fully stripped diatomic molecule in the tunneling regime is presented. When the laser field is turned off, the Dirac operator has resonances in both the positive and the negative energy continua while bound states are in the mass gap. When this system is immersed in a strong laser field, the resonances move in the complex energy plane: the negative energy resonances are pushed to higher energies while the bound states are Stark shifted. It is argued here that there is a pair production enhancement at the crossing of resonances by looking at a simple 1-D model: the nuclei are modeled simply by Dirac delta potential wells while the laser field is assumed to be static and of finite spatial extent. The average rate for the number of electron-positron pairs produced is evaluated and the results are compared to the single nucleus and to the free cases. It is shown that positrons are produced by the Resonantly Enhanced Pair Production (REPP) mechanism, which is analogous to the resonantly enhanced ionization of molecular physics. This phenomenon could be used to increase the number of pairs produced at low field strength, allowing the study of the Dirac vacuum.