Quenching of high-pT hadrons: Energy Loss vs Color Transparency

TL;DR

This paper argues that high-pT hadron suppression in heavy ion collisions is primarily due to color transparency effects, with short production lengths confirmed by models, challenging the traditional energy loss perspective.

Contribution

It introduces a model emphasizing short hadron production lengths and color transparency, providing a better fit to experimental data than previous long-production-length assumptions.

Findings

Short hadron production length confirmed by perturbative models.

Color transparency explains high-pT hadron suppression.

Model accurately reproduces R_{AA} and azimuthal anisotropy data.

Abstract

High-pT hadrons produced in hard collisions and detected inclusively bear peculiar features: (i) they originate from jets whose initial virtuality and energy are of the same order; (ii) such jets are rare and have a very biased energy sharing among the particles, namely, the detected hadron carries the main fraction of the jet energy. The former feature leads to an extremely intensive gluon radiation and energy dissipation at the early stage of hadronization, either in vacuum or in a medium. As a result, a leading hadron must be produced on a short length scale. Evaluation within a model of perturbative fragmentation confirms the shortness of the production length. This result is at variance with the unjustified assumption of long production length, made within the popular energy loss scenario. Thus we conclude that the main reason of suppression of high-pT hadrons in heavy ion collisions is the controlled by color transparency attenuation of a high-pT dipole propagating through the hot medium. Adjusting a single parameter, the transport coefficient, we describe quite well the data from LHC and RHIC for the suppression factor R_{AA} as function of pT, collision energy and centrality. We observe that the complementary effect of initial state interaction causes a flattening and even fall of R_{AA} at large pT. The azimuthal anisotropy of hadron production, calculated with no further adjustment, also agrees well with data at different energies and centralities.