Time evolution of the sQGP with hydrodynamic models

TL;DR

This paper uses hydrodynamic models to analyze the evolution of the sQGP in relativistic collisions, comparing predictions with RHIC data and exploring solutions with temperature-dependent equations of state from lattice QCD.

Contribution

It introduces an analytic 1+3D hydrodynamic solution for sQGP evolution and extends it to arbitrary temperature-dependent equations of state, including lattice QCD results.

Findings

Hydrodynamic models reproduce hadron and photon data from RHIC.

Extracted average equation of state of quark matter.

Developed solutions with lattice QCD-based equations of state.

Abstract

The strongly interacting Quark-Gluon-Plasma (sQGP) created in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, can be described by hydrodynamic models. Low energy hadrons are created after the so called freeze-out of this medium, thus their distributions reveal information about the final state of the sQGP. Photons are created throughout the evolution, so their distributions carry information on the whole expansion and cool down. We show results from an analytic, 1+3 dimensional perfect relativistic hydrodynamic solution, and compare hadron and photon observables to RHIC data. We extract an average equation of state of the expanding quark matter from this comparison. In the second part of this paper, we generalize the before mentioned analytic solution of relativistic perfect fluid hydrodynamics to arbitrary temperature-dependent Equation of State. We investigate special cases of this class of solutions, in particular, we present hydrodynamical solutions with an Equation of State determined from lattice QCD calculations.