Low energy limit of QCD and the emerging of confinement

TL;DR

This paper derives the low-energy limit of QCD as a non-local Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and demonstrates that confinement arises from two-loop corrections to the gluon propagator, highlighting the insufficiency of one-gluon exchange.

Contribution

It introduces a derivation of the low-energy QCD limit as a non-local NJL model and shows confinement emerges from two-loop gluon propagator corrections.

Findings

Confinement results from two-loop corrections.

One-gluon exchange alone is insufficient for confinement.

Low-energy QCD can be modeled as a non-local NJL model.

Abstract

After a derivation of low-energy limit of QCD, being this a non-local Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, we are able to show that confinement emerges as a two-loop correction to the gluon propagator. One-gluon exchange is not enough as recently shown in literature about studies on the gluon propagator in the Landau gauge.