SDSS J102623.61+254259.5: the second most distant blazar at z=5.3

TL;DR

This paper identifies SDSS J102623.61+254259.5 as a distant blazar at redshift 5.3, revealing a supermassive black hole and providing insights into early universe black hole growth.

Contribution

It presents evidence that this high-redshift quasar is a blazar with a powerful jet, and estimates its black hole mass and accretion disk luminosity.

Findings

Black hole mass between 2 and 5 billion solar masses.

Accretion disk luminosity approximately 9 x 10^46 erg/s.

Supports existence of massive black holes at high redshift.

Abstract

The radio-loud quasar SDSS J102623.61+254259.5, at a redshift z=5.3, is one of the most distant radio-loud objects. Since its radio flux exceeds 100 mJy at a few GHz, it is also one of the most powerful radio-loud sources. We propose that this source is a blazar, i.e. we are seeing its jet at a small viewing angle. This claim is based on the spectral energy distribution of this source, and especially on its strong and hard X-ray spectrum, as seen by Swift, very typical of powerful blazars. Observations by the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND) and by theWide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) allow to establish the thermal nature of the emission in the near IR-optical band. Assuming that this is produced by a standard accretion disk, we derive that it emits a luminosity of L_d \simeq 9 \times 10^46 erg s^{-1} and that the black hole has a mass between 2 and 5 billion solar masses. This poses interesting constraints on the mass function of heavy (> 10^9 M_sun) black holes at high redshifts.