The thermodynamic properties of weakly interacting quark gluon plasma via the one gluon exchange interaction

TL;DR

This paper investigates how weakly interacting quarks influence the thermodynamic properties and phase diagram of the quark-gluon plasma using a one gluon exchange model, bag model, and comparisons with lattice QCD results.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of the QGP phase diagram considering one gluon exchange interactions among light quarks, highlighting their significant effects on phase transition conditions.

Findings

One gluon exchange significantly affects the QGP phase diagram.

QGP reaches the confined phase at lower densities and temperatures due to interactions.

Results are consistent with lattice QCD predictions for critical temperature.

Abstract

The thermodynamic properties of the quark gluon plasma($QGP$) as well as its phase diagram are calculated as a function of baryon density (chemical potential) and temperature. The $QGP$ is assumed to be composed of the light quarks only, i.e. the up and the down quarks, which interact weakly and the gluons which are treated as they are free. The interaction between quarks is considered in the framework of the one gluon exchange model which is obtained from the Fermi liquid picture. The bag model is used, with fixed bag pressure (${\cal B}$) for the nonperturbative part and the quantum chromodynamics ($QCD$) coupling is assumed to be constant i.e. no dependence on the temperature or the baryon density. The effect of weakly interacting quarks on the $QGP$ phase diagram are shown and discussed. It is demonstrated that the one gluon exchange interaction for the massless quarks has considerable effect on the $QGP$ phase diagram and it causes the system to reach to the confined phase at the smaller baryon densities and temperatures. The pressure of excluded volume hadron gas model is also used to find the transition phase-diagram. Our results depend on the values of bag pressure and the $QCD$ coupling constant which the latter does not have a dramatic effect on our calculations . Finally, we compare our results with the thermodynamic properties of strange quark matter and the lattice $QCD$ prediction for the $QGP$ transition critical temperature.