Theory of the 2S-2P Lamb shift and 2S hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen

TL;DR

This paper reviews the theoretical calculations of the 2S-2P Lamb shift and hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen, which are crucial for accurately determining proton structure parameters from experimental data.

Contribution

It combines existing theoretical approaches to provide a comprehensive prediction of key muonic hydrogen transition frequencies.

Findings

Theoretical predictions aid in extracting proton charge radius.

Analysis addresses discrepancies in proton radius measurements.

Supports future experimental and theoretical efforts.

Abstract

The 7 standard deviations between the proton rms charge radius from muonic hydrogen and the CODATA-10 value from hydrogen spectroscopy and electron-scattering has caused considerable discussions. Here, we review the theory of the 2S-2P Lamb shift and 2S hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen combining the published contributions and theoretical approaches. The prediction of these quantities is necessary for the determination of both proton charge and Zemach radii from the two 2S-2P transition frequencies measured in muonic hydrogen.