Long range order in gauge theories. Deformed QCD as a toy model

TL;DR

This paper investigates long range order phenomena in gauge theories using a simplified deformed QCD model, revealing domain wall structures and monopole interactions that mirror features seen in lattice QCD simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a weakly coupled gauge theory model that captures key long range order phenomena of strongly coupled QCD, including domain walls and monopole interactions.

Findings

Presence of double-layer domain wall structures.

Monopoles tend to localize within domain walls.

Attractive interaction between monopoles and domain walls.

Abstract

We study a number of different ingredients, related to long range order observed in lattice QCD simulations, using a simple "deformed QCD" model. This model is a weakly coupled gauge theory, which however has all the relevant crucial elements allowing us to study difficult and nontrivial problems which are known to be present in real strongly coupled QCD. In the present study, we want to understand the physics of long range order in form of coherent low dimensional vacuum configurations observed in Monte Carlo lattice simulations. We demonstrate the presence of double-layer domain wall structures in the deformed QCD, and study their interaction with localized topological monopoles. Furthermore, we show that there is in fact an attractive interaction between the two, such that the monopole favors a position within the domain wall.