Solar Neutrinos

TL;DR

This paper reviews the progress in solar neutrino research, highlighting recent experimental results, ongoing efforts to understand neutrino properties, and future plans to explore low-energy spectra and unresolved anomalies.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances and future directions in solar neutrino studies, emphasizing the importance of low-energy measurements and unresolved questions.

Findings

Resolution of the solar neutrino puzzle

Refinement of the Standard Solar Model

Insights into neutrino mass and mixing patterns

Abstract

The study of solar neutrinos has given since ever a fundamental contribution both to astroparticle and to elementary particle physics, offering an ideal test of solar models and offering at the same time relevant indications on the fundamental interactions among particles. After reviewing the striking results of the last two decades, which were determinant to solve the long standing solar neutrino puzzle and refine the Standard Solar Model, we focus our attention on the more recent results in this field and on the experiments presently running or planned for the near future. The main focus at the moment is to improve the knowledge of the mass and mixing pattern and especially to study in detail the lowest energy part of the spectrum, which represents most of solar neutrino spectrum but is still a partially unexplored realm. We discuss this research project and the way in which present and future experiments could contribute to make the theoretical framemork more complete and stable, understanding the origin of some "anomalies" that seem to emerge from the data and contributing to answer some present questions, like the exact mechanism of the vacuum to matter transition and the solution of the so called solar metallicity problem.