IceTop: The surface component of IceCube
IceCube Collaboration: R. Abbasi, Y. Abdou, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J., A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, D. Altmann, K. Andeen, J. Auffenberg, X. Bai, M., Baker, S. W. Barwick, V. Baum, R. Bay, K. Beattie, J. J. Beatty, S. Bechet,, J. Becker Tjus, K.-H. Becker, M. Bell
TL;DR
IceTop is a 1 km2 surface array at the South Pole that studies cosmic ray composition from 100 TeV to 1 EeV by analyzing air showers and muon signals, with detailed design, construction, and initial performance results.
Contribution
This paper presents the technical design, construction, and initial operational experience of IceTop, a new surface array for cosmic ray research integrated with IceCube.
Findings
Successful deployment and commissioning of IceTop.
Initial performance data demonstrating air shower detection.
Insights into cosmic ray composition in the 100 TeV to 1 EeV range.
Abstract
IceTop, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole, is an air shower array with an area of 1 km2. The detector allows a detailed exploration of the mass composition of primary cosmic rays in the energy range from about 100 TeV to 1 EeV by exploiting the correlation between the shower energy measured in IceTop and the energy deposited by muons in the deep ice. In this paper we report on the technical design, construction and installation, the trigger and data acquisition systems as well as the software framework for calibration, reconstruction and simulation. Finally the first experience from commissioning and operating the detector and the performance as an air shower detector will be discussed.
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