B-L Violating Proton Decay Modes and New Baryogenesis Scenario in SO(10)

TL;DR

This paper explores how SO(10) grand unified theories naturally produce baryon number violating operators leading to novel proton decay modes and offers a new baryogenesis mechanism linked to GUT-scale scalar decays, with potential experimental observability.

Contribution

It demonstrates the generation of (B-L)-violating dimension seven operators in SO(10) GUTs and proposes a new baryogenesis scenario involving GUT scalar decays that is resilient to sphaleron washout.

Findings

Predicted nucleon decay modes within experimental reach.

New baryogenesis mechanism via GUT scalar decays.

(B-L) violation prevents baryon asymmetry washout.

Abstract

We show that grand unified theories based on SO(10) generate quite naturally baryon number violating dimension seven operators that violate (B-L), and lead to novel nucleon decay modes such as n \to e^-K^+, e^- \pi^+ and p \to \nu \pi^+. We find that in two-step breaking schemes of non-supersymmetric SO(10), the partial lifetimes for these modes can be within reach of experiments. The interactions responsible for these decay modes also provide a new way to understand the origin of matter in the universe via the decays of GUT scale scalar bosons of SO(10). Their (B-L)-violating nature guarantees that the GUT scale induced baryon asymmetry is not washed out by the electroweak sphaleron interactions. In minimal SO(10) models this asymmetry is closely tied to the masses of quarks, leptons and the neutrinos.